Gaetulicus, a poet, produced a number of flattering writings about Caligula, but they are lost. [93] Augustus had the public worship his spirit on occasion, but Dio describes this as an extreme act that emperors generally shied away from. The diagnosis is unclear and impossible to guess. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal [76] Pliny claims that division was the work of Caligula, but Dio states that in 42 an uprising took place, which was subdued by Gaius Suetonius Paulinus and Gnaeus Hosidius Geta, and the division only took place after this. A prominent figure in political circles, she also spoke out against Augustus successor Tiberius, whom she hated. But if his leadership skills were so abysmal, some scholars have argued, how did he wind up annexing new provinces, expanding westward and formulating a feasible plan to take over Britain? [79] Caligula's move seemingly had a strictly personal political motive fear and jealousy of his cousin Ptolemy and thus the expansion may not have been prompted by pressing military or economic needs. They are seen only in the pediatric patient population. However, according to Josephus, when the ship carrying the statue was still underway, news of Caligula's death reached Petronius. The conflict eventually led to the destruction of her family, with Caligula as the sole male survivor. Caligulas mother, Agrippina the Elder, brought grievances against Tiberius in Rome for his involvement in the murder of her husband Germanicus. Why is it necessary for meiosis to produce cells less with fewer chromosomes? With growing fears of possible insurrection, Tiberius shifted his focus to Caligulas other brother Drusus who, infuriated by the death of his father, had begun to conspire against him. [15] Roman historians describe Caligula as an excellent natural actor who recognized the danger he was in, and hid his resentment towards Tiberius. Josephus gives a detailed description of Caligula's assassination. [102] Disputes occurred in the city of Jamnia. This misconception can still be found today in the popular brain teasing game Globetrotting Brainiac: 600 Historical Facts & Fun Trivia from Around the World by Kaplan. and transmitted securely. [14] In the year 31, Caligula was remanded to the personal care of Tiberius on Capri, where he lived for six years. Accessibility [74][73], In 40, Caligula expanded the Roman Empire into Mauretania,[2] a client kingdom of Rome ruled by Ptolemy of Mauretania. Herod Antipas confessed and Caligula exiled him. The ships were among the largest vessels in the ancient world. Josephus describes Caligula's improvements to the harbours at Rhegium and Sicily, allowing increased grain imports from Egypt, as his greatest contributions. Tiberius actions lead one to believe that he was systematically tearing Caligulas family apart to prevent any and all opposition. Disclaimer. FOIA Agrippa was rewarded with his territories. [131] Suetonius records that Caligula's death resembled that of Julius Caesar. [31] Suetonius said that over 160,000 animals were sacrificed during three months of public rejoicing to usher in the new reign. [53] Centurions who had acquired property by plunder were forced to turn over spoils to the state. Growing up, Agrippina the Elder had a close relationship with her grandfather, the Emperor Augustus, who personally oversaw her education. While these events were unfolding during Caligulas adolescence one can find evidence that he was experiencing the onset of mental instability. 38 CE: Early in the year, Caligula forced his father-in-law, Gaius Silanus, and young Gemellus, grandson of Tiberius, to commit suicide by accusing them of treasonable activities. 0. Caligula brought up abortive attempts to extend Roman rule into Britannia. After surviving the illness, Caligula resumed his rule as a more psychotic Roman Emperor. WebCaligula, born Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus in 12 AD, was the Emperor of Rome between 37 and 41 AD. Learn how and when to remove this template message, "The emperor Gaius' military activities in AD 40", "The 'abortive invasion' of Britain by Gaius", "Archaeologists unearth place where Emperor Caligula met his end", "The True Colours Of Greek and Roman Statues By Archaeologist Vinzenz Brinkmann", "Caligula's tomb found after police arrest man trying to smuggle statue", "Roman Empire Caligula The Mad Emperor Netflix release date, cast, trailer, plot", The portrait of Caligula in the Digital Sculpture Project, Caligula Attempts to Conquer Britain in AD 40, Franz Lidz, "Caligula's Garden of Delights, Unearthed and Restored", New York Times, Jan. 12, 2021, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Caligula&oldid=1148129623, Roman emperors murdered by the Praetorian Guard, Roman emperors to suffer posthumous denigration or damnatio memoriae, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from March 2023, Articles with dead external links from April 2023, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles lacking reliable references from May 2022, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Caligula is a character in the 2015 NBC series, Caligula appears as one of the antagonists in the popular young adult fiction novel series, A young Caligula appears as one of the characters in, This page was last edited on 4 April 2023, at 07:31. [159] Some modern historians think that Caligula had hyperthyroidism. Why fibrous material has only one falling period in drying curve? In Rome, another statue of himself, of colossal size, was made of gilt brass for the purpose. In suppressing his boiling hatred and upholding a faade of humble obedience, Caligula manipulated Tiberius into giving him the honorary position of quaestor in 33CE. For one thing, his fellow lawmakers would likely have whisked him out of power for such conduct. The brutal deaths of Caligulas close family members, however, certainly caused permanent psychological damage to Caligula and played a major role in shaping his actions later in life. [89][90], He would appear there on occasion and present himself as a god to the public. [102] However, Caligula issued a second order to have his statue erected in the Temple of Jerusalem. Cassius Dio's work is invaluable because it alone gives a loose chronology of Caligula's reign. Praxis (Bern 1994). [12][13] Suetonius writes that after the banishment of his mother and brothers, Caligula and his sisters were nothing more than prisoners of Tiberius under the close watch of soldiers. [36] Refusing the title pater patriae on the grounds of his youth, he also recalled those who had been sent into exile. Copyright 2003 - 2023 - UKEssays is a trading name of Business Bliss Consultants FZE, a company registered in United Arab Emirates. [161] The claim has been met with scepticism by Cambridge historian Mary Beard.[162]. However, Demetrioff points out that these episodes were not frequent The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The Annals p. 177, [5] Wells, Colin Micheal. mother when Caligula was assassinated. [49][52] Wills that left items to Tiberius were reinterpreted to leave the items instead to Caligula. [113] Additionally, they mention affairs with various men including his brother-in-law Marcus Lepidus. Caligula was deranged, and absolute power corrupted his ability to think rational and remain just. Like [9] To the surprise of many, Caligula was spared by Tiberius. [89] The Temple of Castor and Pollux on the forum was linked directly to the imperial residence on the Palatine and dedicated to Caligula. The Lives of the Caesars: Caius Caligula [Easy read Large Edition] p. 36, [7] Engel, Jerome, Pedley, Timothy A., Aicardi, Jean and Dichter, Marc A. Caligula had the heads removed from various statues of gods located across Rome and replaced them with his own. [32][33] Philo describes the first seven months of Caligula's reign as completely blissful. While some [114][115] They state he sent troops on illogical military exercises,[79][116] turned the palace into a brothel,[50] and, most famously, planned or promised to make his horse, Incitatus, a consul,[117][118] Suetonius claims that Germanicus was poisoned by an agent of Tiberius, who viewed Germanicus as a political rival. 2023-03-24. In Roman political culture, insanity and sexual perversity were often presented hand-in-hand with poor government. Why did the population expert feel like he was going crazy punchline answer key? [142] Nonetheless, these lost primary sources, along with the works of Seneca and Philo, were the basis of surviving secondary and tertiary histories on Caligula written by the next generations of historians. Tiberius found her actions to be quite troublesome and quickly came up with a solution to be rid of her. Find History on Facebook (Opens in a new window), Find History on Twitter (Opens in a new window), Find History on YouTube (Opens in a new window), Find History on Instagram (Opens in a new window), Find History on TikTok (Opens in a new window), https://www.history.com/news/7-things-you-may-not-know-about-caligula. This particular account was documented in the annals of Tacitus. The paucity of sources has resulted in significant gaps in modern knowledge of the reign of Caligula. And Tacitus, during a lengthy diatribe in which he accuses Caligulas sister Agrippinawife of the Emperor Claudiusof incest with her son, never implicates her brother. Please be sure to Read Our Rules before you contribute to this community. Italics indicates a junior co-emperor, underlining indicates an emperor variously regarded as either legitimate or a usurper. He was the son of the Roman general Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder, Augustus' granddaughter. Epilepsy Behav. New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast. [140] [2] Two legions had been raised for this purpose (both were likely named Primigeniae in honour of Caligula's newborn daughter). March, 37 CE: At about 25 years old, Caligula was named Rome's third emperor, the first direct descendant of Augustus to take the throne (click here for a coin on which Caligula emphasizes this relationship). This was the illness that was considered by early historians to be the turning point in Caligulas behavior from a somewhat even temperance to stark madness. Representations of epilepsy on the stage: From the Greeks to the 20th century. The madness of the emperor Caligula (Gaius Julius Caesar Germanicus. This evidence suggests two aspects about Caligulas life. [citation needed]. [106] Agrippa finally convinced Caligula to reverse the order. The reign began with good feelings all around, since Caligula declared an amnesty for all Romans imprisoned or exiled under Tiberius, posthumously restored honor to his mother and brothers, and stopped the treason trials, getting rid of the informers in the process. We report on a stroke patient with neurogenic fever due to injury of hypothalamus, demonstrated by using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).. Perhaps the most extreme evidence of madness was when Caligulas attempted appointment of his horse, Incitatus, to consul and priest. Is Brooke shields related to willow shields? [53], According to Suetonius, in the first year of Caligula's reign he squandered 2.7billion sesterces that Tiberius had amassed. Caligula was born into the first ruling family of the Roman Empire, conventionally known as the Julio-Claudian dynasty. After the death of his father, Caligula lived with his mother and siblings. R.S. It was because of this particular attire Gaius wore that soldiers began to call the young boy Caligula meaning miniature military boots (caliga).[1]The name happened to stick with him for the rest of his life. New evidence has led one to believe that the madness that Caligula experienced was a result of a series of traumatic events over his life rather than a single event that occurred during his reign as Emperor. October, 37 CE: Caligula fell seriously ill, with what was described at the time as a brain fever; there was great mourning in Rome, and much joy at his recovery. [41], During his illness in AD37 and after Gemellus' death, Caligula entrusted his brother-in-law, Marcus Aemilius Lepidus as heir, marrying him to his sister Drusilla. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Patient concerns: A 28-year-old male patient was admitted to the [4] These horrific events scarred the young Caligula who by this point was only twenty-one years old. Beyond mutinies, it may have simply been that British chieftains acceded to Rome's demands, removing any justification for war. [130] Details recorded on the events vary somewhat from source to source, but they agree that Chaerea stabbed Caligula first, followed by a number of conspirators. Recent sources are divided in attempting to ascribe a medical reason for his behavior, citing as possibilities encephalitis, epilepsy or meningitis. What color does pink and teal make when they are mixed together? All work is written to order. Charry-Snchez JD, Velez-VAN-Meerbeke A, Palacios-Snchez L. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. The family reported two months of progressive headaches and two weeks of fever, blurred central vision, and A number of factors, though, aggravated this feud. [85] The conquest of Britannia was later achieved during the reign of his successor, Claudius. Katz, "The Illness of Caligula" CW 65(1972), 223225; refuted by M.G. Here you can choose which regional hub you wish to view, providing you with the most relevant information we have for your specific region. Adams summed up this type of thought by stating Both Suetonius and Dio Cassius attribute [or at least infer] that the alteration of Gaius Caligulas character occurred following from the illness he suffered during AD 38.[12] This evidence leads one to believe that many early historians portrayed Caligulas madness as a result of this disease. On 24 January 41, Cassius Chaerea and other guardsmen accosted Caligula as he addressed an acting troupe of young men beneath the palace, during a series of games and dramatics being held for the Divine Augustus. [83][84] Suetonius fancifully reports that Caligula ordered his men to collect seashells as "spoils of the sea"; this may also be a mistranslation to musculi, meaning siege engines. Then imagine having to harbor such atrocities and hardships internally with no time for remorse. Building projects on the Palatine hill and elsewhere also were announced, which would have been the largest of these expenditures. When Germanicus died under suspicious circumstances, Agrippina boldly accused one of his rivals of poisoning him. [71] Caligula reviewed Tiberius' records of treason trials and decided, based on their actions during these trials, that numerous senators were not trustworthy. All of these events created disdain among his people and eventually led to his death in 41CE at the hands of his own Praetorian Guard. Which contains more carcinogens luncheon meats or grilled meats? He directed much of his attention to ambitious construction projects and luxurious dwellings for himself, and he initiated the construction of two aqueducts in Rome: the Aqua Claudia and the Anio Novus. For these reasons historians have portrayed Caligula as a mad man. "[61] In 40, Caligula began implementing very controversial policies that introduced religion into his political role. More often than not, when one hears of his name they recall the terrible atrocities he committed during his reign including acts of grotesque violence, lust, and insanity. This model best fits the Roman emperor Caligula. She then starved herself to death while in prison, four years before her son Caligula came into power. Tiberius' political associate Marcus Junius Silanus, a support of Gemellus, was executed; Caligula's friend Macro also was killed. Over the course of time he spent with the emperor, Caligula had to keep his inner turmoil to himself while he closely observed Tiberius. judy wild raelene boyle; frittelle di luna park di benedetta; what was caligula's brain fever. Fabius Rusticus and Cluvius Rufus both wrote condemning histories on Caligula that are now lost. government site. One could say with certainty that such internal pain could lead to a whirl-wind of self destruction and violent tendencies later in life. [11][12] The adolescent Caligula was sent to live with his great-grandmother (Tiberius' mother), Livia;[9] After her death, he was sent to live with his grandmother Antonia Minor. [78], Details on the Mauretanian events of 3944 are unclear. Philo's works, On the Embassy to Gaius and Flaccus, give some details on Caligula's early reign, but mostly focus on events surrounding the Jewish population in Judea and Egypt with whom he sympathizes. After the death of his first wife, Caligulas temperance with Tiberius had begun to wear thin. WebCaligula only ruled for three years, ten months, and eight days. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. And so, when the respected general Germanicus brought his son Gaius on campaign, the tyke sported soldiers footwear, or caligae, scaled down to his size. Caligula had only one daughter who was killed along with her The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the *You can also browse our support articles here >. Find out whether the much-maligned emperor was as crazy as they say. The mental conditions that existed prior could have been exacerbated by the illness that Caligula experience. After his illness, Caligula became a vicious tyrant. An official website of the United States government. [133] These wounded conspirators were treated by the physician Arcyon. In order to understand the synthesis of Caligulas madness one must explore his life leading up to the alleged illness that changed his behavior. Caligula was murdered by Cassius Chaerea and Cornelius they were Caligulas madness only became more severe in the years after his illness. Historys Greatest Conspiracies: One Hundred Plots, Real and Suspected, That have Shocked, Fascinated, and Sometimes Changed the World. p. 193, [11] Tranquillus, Gaius Suetonius, Translated by Forester, Thomas. Upon recovering, Caligula had permanently lost his hair and apparently his mind; extremely high fevers are known to cause brain damage that alters personality and At one point Caligula even tried to deify himself. [136] Uncomfortable with lingering imperial support, the assassins sought out and killed Caligula's wife, Caesonia, and killed their young daughter, Julia Drusilla, by smashing her head against a wall. Thr documentation is scarce and this is the first i heard of this. 2023-03-24. A further distribution of 75 sesterces per citizen in Rome was given from 1 June to 19 July; Caligula wasted no time putting on lavish games, immediately requesting from the senate exemption from sumptuary laws limiting the number of gladiators. 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mother when Caligula was assassinated. [49][52] Wills that left items to Tiberius were reinterpreted to leave the items instead to Caligula. [113] Additionally, they mention affairs with various men including his brother-in-law Marcus Lepidus. Caligula was deranged, and absolute power corrupted his ability to think rational and remain just. Like [9] To the surprise of many, Caligula was spared by Tiberius. [89] The Temple of Castor and Pollux on the forum was linked directly to the imperial residence on the Palatine and dedicated to Caligula. The Lives of the Caesars: Caius Caligula [Easy read Large Edition] p. 36, [7] Engel, Jerome, Pedley, Timothy A., Aicardi, Jean and Dichter, Marc A. Caligula had the heads removed from various statues of gods located across Rome and replaced them with his own. [32][33] Philo describes the first seven months of Caligula's reign as completely blissful. While some [114][115] They state he sent troops on illogical military exercises,[79][116] turned the palace into a brothel,[50] and, most famously, planned or promised to make his horse, Incitatus, a consul,[117][118] Suetonius claims that Germanicus was poisoned by an agent of Tiberius, who viewed Germanicus as a political rival. 2023-03-24. In Roman political culture, insanity and sexual perversity were often presented hand-in-hand with poor government. Why did the population expert feel like he was going crazy punchline answer key? :format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality(90)/discogs-images/A-2529683-1345789993-9572.jpeg.jpg)
[142] Nonetheless, these lost primary sources, along with the works of Seneca and Philo, were the basis of surviving secondary and tertiary histories on Caligula written by the next generations of historians. Tiberius found her actions to be quite troublesome and quickly came up with a solution to be rid of her. Find History on Facebook (Opens in a new window), Find History on Twitter (Opens in a new window), Find History on YouTube (Opens in a new window), Find History on Instagram (Opens in a new window), Find History on TikTok (Opens in a new window), https://www.history.com/news/7-things-you-may-not-know-about-caligula. This particular account was documented in the annals of Tacitus. The paucity of sources has resulted in significant gaps in modern knowledge of the reign of Caligula. And Tacitus, during a lengthy diatribe in which he accuses Caligulas sister Agrippinawife of the Emperor Claudiusof incest with her son, never implicates her brother. Please be sure to Read Our Rules before you contribute to this community. Italics indicates a junior co-emperor, underlining indicates an emperor variously regarded as either legitimate or a usurper. He was the son of the Roman general Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder, Augustus' granddaughter. Epilepsy Behav. New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast. [140] [2] Two legions had been raised for this purpose (both were likely named Primigeniae in honour of Caligula's newborn daughter). March, 37 CE: At about 25 years old, Caligula was named Rome's third emperor, the first direct descendant of Augustus to take the throne (click here for a coin on which Caligula emphasizes this relationship). This was the illness that was considered by early historians to be the turning point in Caligulas behavior from a somewhat even temperance to stark madness. Representations of epilepsy on the stage: From the Greeks to the 20th century. The madness of the emperor Caligula (Gaius Julius Caesar Germanicus. This evidence suggests two aspects about Caligulas life. [citation needed]. [106] Agrippa finally convinced Caligula to reverse the order. The reign began with good feelings all around, since Caligula declared an amnesty for all Romans imprisoned or exiled under Tiberius, posthumously restored honor to his mother and brothers, and stopped the treason trials, getting rid of the informers in the process. We report on a stroke patient with neurogenic fever due to injury of hypothalamus, demonstrated by using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).. Perhaps the most extreme evidence of madness was when Caligulas attempted appointment of his horse, Incitatus, to consul and priest. Is Brooke shields related to willow shields? [53], According to Suetonius, in the first year of Caligula's reign he squandered 2.7billion sesterces that Tiberius had amassed. 
Caligula was born into the first ruling family of the Roman Empire, conventionally known as the Julio-Claudian dynasty. After the death of his father, Caligula lived with his mother and siblings. R.S. It was because of this particular attire Gaius wore that soldiers began to call the young boy Caligula meaning miniature military boots (caliga).[1]The name happened to stick with him for the rest of his life. New evidence has led one to believe that the madness that Caligula experienced was a result of a series of traumatic events over his life rather than a single event that occurred during his reign as Emperor. October, 37 CE: Caligula fell seriously ill, with what was described at the time as a brain fever; there was great mourning in Rome, and much joy at his recovery. [41], During his illness in AD37 and after Gemellus' death, Caligula entrusted his brother-in-law, Marcus Aemilius Lepidus as heir, marrying him to his sister Drusilla. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Patient concerns: A 28-year-old male patient was admitted to the [4] These horrific events scarred the young Caligula who by this point was only twenty-one years old. Beyond mutinies, it may have simply been that British chieftains acceded to Rome's demands, removing any justification for war. [130] Details recorded on the events vary somewhat from source to source, but they agree that Chaerea stabbed Caligula first, followed by a number of conspirators. Recent sources are divided in attempting to ascribe a medical reason for his behavior, citing as possibilities encephalitis, epilepsy or meningitis. What color does pink and teal make when they are mixed together? All work is written to order. Charry-Snchez JD, Velez-VAN-Meerbeke A, Palacios-Snchez L. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. The family reported two months of progressive headaches and two weeks of fever, blurred central vision, and A number of factors, though, aggravated this feud. [85] The conquest of Britannia was later achieved during the reign of his successor, Claudius. Katz, "The Illness of Caligula" CW 65(1972), 223225; refuted by M.G. Here you can choose which regional hub you wish to view, providing you with the most relevant information we have for your specific region. Adams summed up this type of thought by stating Both Suetonius and Dio Cassius attribute [or at least infer] that the alteration of Gaius Caligulas character occurred following from the illness he suffered during AD 38.[12] This evidence leads one to believe that many early historians portrayed Caligulas madness as a result of this disease. On 24 January 41, Cassius Chaerea and other guardsmen accosted Caligula as he addressed an acting troupe of young men beneath the palace, during a series of games and dramatics being held for the Divine Augustus. [83][84] Suetonius fancifully reports that Caligula ordered his men to collect seashells as "spoils of the sea"; this may also be a mistranslation to musculi, meaning siege engines. 
Then imagine having to harbor such atrocities and hardships internally with no time for remorse. Building projects on the Palatine hill and elsewhere also were announced, which would have been the largest of these expenditures. When Germanicus died under suspicious circumstances, Agrippina boldly accused one of his rivals of poisoning him. [71] Caligula reviewed Tiberius' records of treason trials and decided, based on their actions during these trials, that numerous senators were not trustworthy. 
All of these events created disdain among his people and eventually led to his death in 41CE at the hands of his own Praetorian Guard. Which contains more carcinogens luncheon meats or grilled meats? He directed much of his attention to ambitious construction projects and luxurious dwellings for himself, and he initiated the construction of two aqueducts in Rome: the Aqua Claudia and the Anio Novus. For these reasons historians have portrayed Caligula as a mad man. 
"[61] In 40, Caligula began implementing very controversial policies that introduced religion into his political role. More often than not, when one hears of his name they recall the terrible atrocities he committed during his reign including acts of grotesque violence, lust, and insanity. This model best fits the Roman emperor Caligula. She then starved herself to death while in prison, four years before her son Caligula came into power. Tiberius' political associate Marcus Junius Silanus, a support of Gemellus, was executed; Caligula's friend Macro also was killed. Over the course of time he spent with the emperor, Caligula had to keep his inner turmoil to himself while he closely observed Tiberius. judy wild raelene boyle; frittelle di luna park di benedetta; what was caligula's brain fever. Fabius Rusticus and Cluvius Rufus both wrote condemning histories on Caligula that are now lost. government site. One could say with certainty that such internal pain could lead to a whirl-wind of self destruction and violent tendencies later in life. [11][12] The adolescent Caligula was sent to live with his great-grandmother (Tiberius' mother), Livia;[9] After her death, he was sent to live with his grandmother Antonia Minor. 
[78], Details on the Mauretanian events of 3944 are unclear. Philo's works, On the Embassy to Gaius and Flaccus, give some details on Caligula's early reign, but mostly focus on events surrounding the Jewish population in Judea and Egypt with whom he sympathizes. After the death of his first wife, Caligulas temperance with Tiberius had begun to wear thin. WebCaligula only ruled for three years, ten months, and eight days. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. 
And so, when the respected general Germanicus brought his son Gaius on campaign, the tyke sported soldiers footwear, or caligae, scaled down to his size. Caligula had only one daughter who was killed along with her The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the *You can also browse our support articles here >. Find out whether the much-maligned emperor was as crazy as they say. The mental conditions that existed prior could have been exacerbated by the illness that Caligula experience. After his illness, Caligula became a vicious tyrant. An official website of the United States government. [133] These wounded conspirators were treated by the physician Arcyon. In order to understand the synthesis of Caligulas madness one must explore his life leading up to the alleged illness that changed his behavior. Caligula was murdered by Cassius Chaerea and Cornelius they were Caligulas madness only became more severe in the years after his illness. Historys Greatest Conspiracies: One Hundred Plots, Real and Suspected, That have Shocked, Fascinated, and Sometimes Changed the World. p. 193, [11] Tranquillus, Gaius Suetonius, Translated by Forester, Thomas. Upon recovering, Caligula had permanently lost his hair and apparently his mind; extremely high fevers are known to cause brain damage that alters personality and At one point Caligula even tried to deify himself. [136] Uncomfortable with lingering imperial support, the assassins sought out and killed Caligula's wife, Caesonia, and killed their young daughter, Julia Drusilla, by smashing her head against a wall. Thr documentation is scarce and this is the first i heard of this. 
2023-03-24. A further distribution of 75 sesterces per citizen in Rome was given from 1 June to 19 July; Caligula wasted no time putting on lavish games, immediately requesting from the senate exemption from sumptuary laws limiting the number of gladiators. There are few surviving sources about the reign of Caligula, though he is described as a noble and moderate emperor during the first six months of his rule. Among the historians of Caligulas time, Suetonius wrote of the condition Caligula suffered from in great detail. 
[71] Additionally, Tiberius' treason trials had eliminated a number of pro-Julian senators such as Asinius Gallus. [Emperor, comet and catastrophy - the <